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Class X - Science
Chapter 1 : Chemical Reactions
Recalling Basics- Elements, Compounds; Ions- Formation of Compounds;
Chemical Reaction - Common Observations in Che. Rx; Chemical Equation;
Balancing;
Making Chemical Reaction More informative- Indicating states, Exothermic and Endothermic, Conditions of reaction; Oxidation & Reduction; Armful effection of Oxidation- Corrosion, Rancidity; Types of Reactions- Combination, Decomposition, Displacement, Double Displacement;
Experiments- Formation of slaked lime (combination), Decomposition of ferrous sulphate, Decomposition of lead nitrate, A double displacement reaction, Decomposition of Silver chloride & bromide, A displacement reaction, A combination reaction, Decomposition of Water;
Chapter 2 : Acids, Bases and Salts
Acids and Bases - Strong and Weak, Concentrated and Dilute, Diluting Acids and Bases, Presence and Taste, Conduction of Electricity;
Reactions of Acids and Bases - Neutrilization Reactions, With Oxides, With Metals, With Carbonates and Bicarbonates;
Experiments - How do Acid and Base react with Metal, How do Carbonate and Bicarbonate react with Acid, How does Metal Oxide react with Acid; Corrosive Nature of Acids and Bases; Uses of Acids and Bases;
pH Scale - pH value of Different Substances; Acid Base Indicator - Litmus, Methyl Orange, Phenolphthalein, Turmeric Solution, Others; Universal Indicator - Red Cabbage;
Importance of pH in Everyday Life - pH in Digestive System, Tooth Decay, pH of Soil, Effect of pH on Animals and Plants, Self Defence by Plants and Animals; Acids and Bases in absence of Water;
Salt - Family of Salt, Conduction of Electricity in Salt, pH of Salt, Water of Crystallization;
Common Salt (Sodium Chloride) - Methods of obtaining NaCl; Making Other Chemicals from NaCl - Sodium Hydroxide, Bleaching Powder, Baking Soda, Washing Soda; Bases and Alkali;
Chapter 3 : Metals and Non - Metals
Introduction; Physical Properties of Metals & Non-Metals; Exceptions in Physical Properties;
Chemical Properties of Metals - Reaction with Oxygen, Reaction with Water; Experiment;
Reaction with Dilute Acid - Aqua Regia, Reactivity of Metals, Reaction of Metals with Metal Salts, Reaction with Chlorine; Chemical Properties of Non-metals - Reaction with Oxygen, Reaction with Water, Reaction with Acid, Reaction with Salts, Reaction with Chlorine; Difference b/w Metals and Non-metals;
Electron Distribution in Orbits; Valancy;
Electron Dot Structure; Ionic and Covalent Compound; Formation of Ionic Compounds; Properties of Ionic Compounds; Occurance Extraction of Metals; Some Important Reactions; Obtaining Metal from Ore - Enrichment of Ore, Extraction of Metal - Extraction of Metals of Low Reactivity;
Extraction of Metals of Medium Reactivity, Extraction of Metals of High Reactivity; Refining of Metals;
Corrosion - Corrosion of Iron - Prevention of Corrosion of Iron; Alloy - Properties of Alloy, Some Common Alloys;
Chapter 4 : Periodic Classification of Elements
Attempts to group Elements(Debereiner's Traids, Newland's Law of Octave), Mendeleev's Periodic table(Limitations, Merits)
Recalling Old things needed(Atomic Number, Electronic distribution)
Modern Periodic Table(Introduction, Basic Concepts, Position of Elements), Trends in Modern Periodic table(Valence electron and shell, Valency, Size of Atom, Metallic character, Electropositivity, Nature of Oxides, Revision, Electronegativity, Chemical Reactivity), Explanation Of Limitations of Mendeleev's Periodic Table
Chapter 5 : Life Processes - 1
Properties of Living Beings Compared to Non - living; Life Processes; Nutrition- Need for Nutrition, Nutrients, Mode of Nutrition, Nutrition in Plants, Structure of Leaf;
Experiments- Destarch a Plant, Iodine test to detect the presence of starch, Experiment to show necessity of sunlight for photosynthesis, Experiment to show necessity of chlorophyll for photosynthesis, Experiment to show necessity of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis; Nutrition in Heterotrophs- Nutrition in Amoeba, Nutrition in Paramecium;
Nutrition in Human Beings (Digestive System in Human Body)- Some Basic Organs, Glands of Digestive System, Working of Digestive System; Tooth Decay/ Dental Caries- Basic Structure of Tooth, Causes of Tooth Decay, Effect; Heterotropic Mode of Nutrition;
Respiration- Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration, ATP (Energy Currency), Difference between Aerobic and Anaerobic;
Exchange of Gases during Respiration- Diffusion, Exchange of Gases in Human, Activity to show production of carbon;
Exchange of Gases in Other Organisms, Exchange of Gases in Plants;
Chapter 6 : Life Processes - 2
Human Circulatory System- Heart, Blood Circulation, Blood Vessels, Functions of Circulatory System /Blood;
Relaxation and Contraction of Heart;
Blood-Components of Blood; Circulatory System in some other animals, Lymphatic System- Functions of Lymphatic System;
Transportation in Plants- Transpiration, Osmosis, Need of Transportation in Plants, Vascular Bundle, Vascular Bundle - XYLEM, Vascular Bundle - PHLOEM;
Excretion in humans- Need for Excretory System, Excretory System, 3 Renal Failure / Kidney Failure, Excretion in Plants;
Chapter 7 : Control and Cordination
Receptors; Neurons - Structure, Working, Types;
Peripheral Nervous System; Voluntary & Involuntary Actions; Refiec Action and Arc; How Effectors cause movement?
Central Nervous System - Brain - Forebrain, Midbrain; Central Nervous System - Spinal Cord;
Endocrine System - Glands, Difference b/w Endocrine & Exocrine Glands, List of Endocrine Glands - Adarenaline Glan, Pituitary Glands, Hypothalamus, Pancreas, Thyroid Gland, Parathyroid Glands, Thymus Gland, Testes & Ovaries; Feedback Mechanism, Nervous vs Endocrine System - Need for Endocrine System;
Control & Cordination in Plant - Things to be Controlled in Plants, Animals vs Plants; Harmones in Plants; Movement in Plants;
Tropism- Phototropism,Mechanism of Phototropism, Geotropism, Hydrotropism, Thigmotropism; Chemotropism; Nastic Movement
Chapter 8 : How do Organisms Reproduce
Introduction - Types of Reproduction; Asexual Reproduction - Binary Fission, Multiple Fission Fragmentation, Budding, Regeneration, Vegetative Propagation, Spore Formation;
Basics of Sexual Reproduction; Sexual Reproduction in Plants - Structure of Flower, Process of Reproduction: Pollution, Fertilization, Formation of Seed, Germination;
Sexual Reproduction in Humans - Puberty, Male Reproductive System, Female Reproductive System, Process of Reproductive;
Ovulation in Females- Mensturation; Birth Control- Contraception; Reproductive Health; DNA Copy- Do Organisms make exact copies?, Importance of Variation, No. of DNA in SR;
Chapter 9 : Heredity and Evolution
Introduction- Definitions, Variation during Reproduction; Heredity- Rules of Inheritance;
Mendel's Contributions, Sex Determination, Acquired, Inherited traits, How traits are expressed;
Evolution- Illustation , Speciation, Darwin's Theory;
Tracing Evolutionary Relations- Homologous Argans, Analogous Organs, Fossils, Artificial Evolution, Molecular Phylogeny; Evolution by Stages; Evolution. Not Progress; Human Evolution; Evolution and Classification; Origin of Life on Earth;
Chapter 10 : Light (Part 1) : Reflection
Introduction; Reflection of Light - Terms related to Reflection of Light, Laws of Reflection of Light; Regular and Diffuse Reflection;
Formation of Image by a Plane Mirror - Image of Extented Object;Lateral Inversion; Real and Virtual Image; Property of Image formed by plane mirror; Uses of Plane Mirror;
Spherical Mirrors - Terms Related to Spherical Mirror, Focus (Concave Mirror), Focus (Convex Mirror); Reflection of Rays by Concave/ Convex Mirrors - Reflection of Ray parallel to Principal Axis, Reflection of Ray passing through Focus, Reflection of Ray passing through C, Reflection of Ray incident at Pole;
Formation of Image by CONCAVE MIRROR; Formation of Image by CONVEX MIRROR; Distinguishing b/w the 3 Types of Mirror;
Uses of Concave Mirror; Uses of Convex Mirror; Mirror Formulae; Magnification;
Laws of Reflection of Light, Concave Mirror, Convex Mirror, Concave Lens, Convex Lens.
Chapter 11 : Light (Part 2) : Refraction
Introduction; Refraction Index; Laws of Refraction of Light; Bending of Light; Light Ray Passing through Glass Slab; Effects of Refraction of Light;
Refraction by Spherical Lens; Focus (Convex Lens); Focus (Concave Lens); Rays for making Ray - diagram; Image Formation by Convex Lens; Image Formation by Concave Lens;
Lens formulae and Magnification; Power of Lens;
Chapter 12 : Carbon and Its Compounds
Carbon (C)- Properties of Carbon, Occurrence of Carbon; Allotropes of Carbon- Diamond, Graphite, Fullerene;
Compounds of Carbon- Organic Compounds; Hydrocarbons- Saturated Hydrocarbons, Unsaturated Hydrocarbons;
Isomers- Butane, Pentane, Hexane, Ethene, Benzene; Homologous Series- Characteristics of Homologous Series;
Functional Group- Halogen, Alcohol, Aldehyde, Ketone, Carboxylic Acid;
Chemical Properties of Carbon and it's Compounds- Combustion Reactions, Oxidation Reactions, Substitution Reactions, Addition Reactions; Hydrogenation;
Commercially Important Compounds of Carbon- Ethanol, Ethanoic (Acetic Acid);
Chemical Properties of Acetic acid; Soaps & Detergents- Soft and Hard Water;
Chapter 13 : The Human Eye and The Colourful World
The Human Eye - Structure of Eye, Working of Eye; Power of Accomodation;
Defects of Eye and Correction - Myopia / Short - Sightedness, Myopia / Short - Sightedness, Presbyopia, Cataract; Why we have two eyes;
Glass Prism; Refraction of Light through Prism; Dispersion of Light - Application of Dispersion; Atmospheric Refraction;
Scattering of light - Practical Applications of Scattering of Light - Tyndall Effect, Why Sky looks Blue?, Color of Sun at Sunset and Sunrise; Experiment showing Scattering of Light;
Chapter 14 : Electricity
Charge- Conductor, Insulator; Electric Current; Potential Difference- Cell; Circuit Diagram- Switch, Ammeter, Voltmeter;
Ohm's Law- Resistance, Examples, More about Resitance, Rheostat, Verification of Ohm's Law;
Resistance of a system of resistors- Resistors in series;
Resistance in parallel; Devices in series, parallel- Advantages of parallel;
Heating effect of current; Practical application of heating effect, Bulb, Toaster, Heater, Fuse, Disadvantage; Electric Power; Kilowatt Hour & examples- Rating of devices & examples;
Chapter 15 : Magnetic Effect of Current
Magnets; Magnetic Compass; Magnetic Field &; Field Lines; Drawing Magnetic field lines; Properties of Magnetic field & field Lines;
Magnetic field due to current - Magnetic Field due to current carrying st. wire, Right Hand Thumb rule, Magnetic Field due to circular loop, Magnetic Field due to solenoid; Electromagnet;
Magnetic force on current carrying wire - Fleming's Left Hand Rule;
Electric motor - Construction of Motor, Working of Motor, Commercial Motor;
Electromagnetic Induction - Electromagnetic Induction in straight wire, Fleming's Right Hand Rule; DC & AC;
Electric Generator (Dynamo) - Principle, AC Generator (construction), AC Generator (working), DC Generator;
Domestic Electric Circuits - Generation and Transmission of Electricity, Three Types of wire, Distribution of wires inside house, Ground Wire;
Chapter 16 : Sources of Energy
Energy Crisis, Good source of energy, Classifying sources of energy, Fuels(Fossil Fuel, Disadvantage of Fossil Fuel, Uses of fossil fuels, Thermal Power Plant), Hydro-Power(Hydro-Power Plant (HPP), Disadvantage of HPP), Bio-Mass( Bio Gas Plant, Advantages of BG), Wind Energy(Advantages/ Disadvantages);
Solar Energy(Solar Cooker, Solar Panel), Energy from sea(Tidal Energy, Wave Energy, Ocean-thermal energy, Thermal Power Plant), Geothermal energy, Nuclear Energy, Environmental Consequences, Sun as ultimate source of energy,Liquid Petroleum Gas(LPG), Hydrogen;
Chapter 17 : Our Environment
Types of Living beings; Food Chain; Food Web; Trophic Levels;
Flow of Energy; Biological Magnification; Ecosystem - Components of Ecosystem;
Our Effect on Environment - Waste - Disposal of Waste, E-Waste / Electronic Waste; Ozone Layer Depletion - Ozone Gas & Ozone Layer, Advantage of Ozone Layer, Depletion of Ozone Layer & Its Reason, Prevention;
Chapter 18 : Management of Natural Resources
Introduction; Forest and Wildlife - Biodiversity Hotspot, Stakeholders - People living in around Forest, Businessmen / Industrialists, Forest Department, Forest and Wildlife Activists;
Role of Local People in management of Forest; Poaching; Water - Rain, River - Usefullness of Dam, Problems related to Dam, Pollution in Rivers, Detection of River Pollution, Reasons for decreasing underground Water; Rain Water Harvesting - Advantages of Ground Water; Fossil Fuels (Coal & Petroleum) - Formation, Limitation of Fossil Fuels; Reduce, Reuse and Recycle;
About Instructors
Dronstudy Academic Team
DronStudy Academic team consists of IITian teachers of Kota fame. The team has more than 45 years of teaching experience put together. It is headed by Neetin Agrawal Sir - B.Tech IIT Madras / Author of 3 books for IIT-JEE Physics / Taught in some of the best Coaching Institutes of India / Has several Inventions (Patents) to his name during his Corporate Research years.
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ANEELA
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ANEELA
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