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Class 9 – Science
Chapter 1 : MATTER in Our Surroundings
What is Matter; Properties of Matter- Experiment with Pollen Grains, Mixing Ink with water, Brownian Motion of Dust/Smoke, Spreading of Smell, Experiment with Sugar & Water, Mixing of Potassium Permanganate with water, Mixing of Copper Sulphate with water; Diffusion;
States of Matter; Properties- Filling Container, Shape & Volume, Compressibility & Rigidity, Spreading of Smell;
Moving through, Fluidity, Density; Diffusion; Pressure;
Measurement of Temperature; Change of State of Matter- Change of State by Temperature, Latent Heat, Sublimation, Change of State by Pressure;
Evaporation- Evaporation: Surface Phenomenon, Boiling vs Evaporation; Factors affecting Evaporation- Temperature, Surface Area, Humidity, Wind; Presence of water vapour in air;
Cooling effect of Evaporation- Sweating, Earthen Pitcher, Water on Rooftop, Tea in Saucer, Cotton Clothes in Summer, Cooler; Two more states of matter- Bose Einstein Condensate, Plasma;
Chapter 2 : Is MATTER Around Us PURE?
Elements; Compounds;
Mixture- Compounds vs Mixtures; Definitions of Elements, Compounds, Mixtures; Homogeneous &Â Heterogeneous; Chemical & Physical Change;
Tyndall Effect; Solution, Suspension, Colloid (Basic); Solution; Suspension; Types of Solution- Alloy; Colloid; Suspension vs Solution vs Colloid; Types of Colloid;
Terms related to Solution- Diluted & Concentrated Solution, Saturated Solution, Solubility, Effect of Temperature on Solubility, Effect of Pressure on Solubility, Concentration of Solution;
Separation of Mixtures- Filtration, Evaporation, Crystallization, Chromatography, Sublimation Separation of Immiscible Liquids, Separation of Miscible Liquids (Distillation), Separation of Miscible Liquids (Fractional Distillation), Separation of Gases from Air;
Centrifugation; Cleaning drinking water; Classification of Matter- Properties of Metams & Non-Metals;
Chapter 3 : Structure of The Atom
Introduction; Charged Particles in Matter; Discovery of Sub - atomic Particles - Electron, Proton, Neutron; Activity Related to Charged Particles;
Structure of Atom - Thomson's Model of Atom, Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment, Rutherford's Model of Atom - Nucleus, Limitations of Rutherford's Model;
Ion; Mass Number; Isotopes - Chemical and Physical Properties of Isotopes; Fractional Mass number of Elements; Isobars;
Electron Distribution in Orbits;Valency;
Chapter 4 : Fundamental Unit of Life
Introduction; Discovery of Fundamental Unit of Life; Cell Theory; Types of Cells - Prokaryotic Cell, Eukaryotic Cell - Plant Cells, Animal Cells; Cell Structures - Plasma Membrane;
Cell Wall, Protoplasm, Golgi Bodies, Ribosomes, Mitochondria;
Centrioles, Plastids, Lysosomes, Vacuoles, Endoplasmic Reticulum;
Nucleus; Transport through Plasma Membrane - Diffusion, Osmosis; Important Points of Cell;
Chapter 5 :Tissues
Division of Labour; Plants vs Animals; Classification: Plant Tissues; Merismatic Tissue;
Permanent Tissue- Simple-Parenchyma, Simple-Collenchyma, Simple-Sclerenchyma, Simple-Epidermis, Aerial Epidermis, Root Epidermis, Simple-Cork;
Permanent-Complex-Complex-Xylem, Complex-Phloem; Revision; Plant Tissue; Experimental Study of Stem; Experimental Study of Epidermis;
Types of Animal Tissue; Muscular Tissue- Types; Nervous Tissue;
Connective Tissue- Bones, Cartilage, Tendon & Ligament, Areolar, Adipose, Blood, Lymph, Epithelial Tissue- Types;
Chapter 6 : Diversity in Living Organisms
Classification- Taxonomy, Basis of Classification, Important Characteristics used for Classification, Hierarchy of Classification, Nomenclature;
The Five Kingdoms; Monera; Fungi- Saprophytes, Parasites, Symbiotic Relations;
Plantae- Basis of Division, Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms, Monocots & Dicots;
Animalia- Symmetry, Germ Layers, Coelom, Notochord, Classification of Animalia Kingdom; Porifera; Coelentrata; Ctenophora; Platyhelminthes; Nematoda; Mollusca; Annelida; Arthropoda; Echinodermata; Hemichordata; Chordata;
Classification of Chordates; Vertebrates; Revision of Animalia Kingdom; Classification and Evolution;
Chapter 7 : Motion
Motion in Straight Line- Position; Vector and Scalar;
Distance & Displacement
Photo Diagram; Average Speed & Velocity- Direction, Speed & Velocity, Units, Odometer,
Acceleration- Rate of change of Velocity, Definitions, Retardation, Deacceleration, Uniform & Non-uniform Acceleration;
Equations of Uniformly Accelerated Motion; Average velocity in Uniformly accelerated Motion;
Uniform Circular Motion- Direction, Discontinuing Circular Motion, Calculation Speed;
Graphical representation of Motion- Distance time graph, Speed time graph;
Calculations using graph- Distance time graph, Speed, Speed time graph, acceleration, Speed time graph,distance; Derivations of equation of motion;
Chapter 8 : Force and Newton's Laws of Motion
Force; Effects of Force; Unit of Force; Some common Forces- Muscular Force, Gravitational Force, Friction Force, Air Resistance, Magnetic Force; Net or Resultant Force;
Newton's 1st Law (Explanation)- Newton's 1st Law(Statement); Some Practical Examples- Falling of Fruits on shaking Tree, Carromboard, Coin, Card, Tumbler, Beating of Carpet, Passenger in Vehicles, Luggage on top of Vehicla; Inertia & Mass;
Momentum- Significance, Change in momentum, Rate of Change;
Newton's 2nd Law;
Revision of Acceleration; 2nd Law in terms of acceleration;
1st Law from 2nd; Advanced Questions; Practical example of 2nd Law- Catching a Ball, High Jump;
Newton's 3rd Law; Practical examples- Recoil of Gun, Swimming, Walking or Running, Jumping from Boat, Fireman's Hose Pipe, Spring Balance, Man Pushing Wall, Horse and Cart;
Conservation of Momentum- Statement;
Practical Applications of COM- Recoil of Gun, Passing a heavy mass, Heating a test tube with cork, Jetplanes, Rocket;
Chapter 9 : Gravitation
Universal Law of Gravitation- Examples, Statement, Importance; Free Fall;
Recalling Velocity And Acceleration, Falling Bodies: case 1;
Falling bodies: case 2; Air Resistance;
Value of g; Mass and weight- Weight on moon; Circular motion and Gravitation; Summary of Gravitation;
Thrust and Pressure; Pressure in fluids;
Archimedes Principle; Density- Relative Density, Why float or sink?; Summary;
Chapter 10 : Atom and Molecules
Atom- Symbols of Atoms of different Elements, Properties of Atoms, Atomic Mass; Molecules- Molecular Mass;
Ions, Valancy- Valancy of Cations, Valancy of Anions; Polyatomic Ions; Writing the formulae of Compounds;
Mole Concept- Molar Mass;
Calculation of no. of Moles from no. of Particles; Percentage of an Element in a Compound;Â Laws of Chemical Combination-Â Law of Conservation of Mass, Law of Constant Proportion;
Chapter 11 : Work and Energy
Introduction; Work - Unit of Work, Workdone against Gravity; Oblique Displacement;
Energy -Â Unit of Energy; Different Forms of Energy - Kinetic Energy - Kinetic Energy and Work, Derivation of Formulae of K.E.;
Transformation of Energy; Law of Conservation of Energy - Energy Conservation for a Falling Body, Energy Conservation in Pendulum;
Rate of doing Work;Â Commercial Unit of Energy;
Chapter 12 : Sound
Introduction; Production and Propagation of Sound - Tuning Fork - Experiment 1, Experiment 2; Experiment: Dancing of Light Spot; Medium of Sound - Experiment;
Frequency, Velocity of Sound Wave; Characteristic of sound as we hear it - Loudness, Pitch, Quality or Timbre; Music & Noise; Tone & Note;
Sonic Boom - Light faster than Sound; Reflection of Sound - Laws of Reflection of Sound - Experiment to Verify Law of Reflection; Use of Reflection of Sound, Echo - Minimum Distance to hear Echo; Reverberation;
Types of Sound based on Frequency - Range of Hearing - Infrasound/ Infrasonic Sound, Ultrasound / Ultrasonic Sound, Application of Ultrasound; Sonar;
Human Ear - Structure of Ear, Working of Ear; Hearing Aid; Intensity of Sound;
Chapter 13 : Why do We Fall Ill
Introduction; Factors determining Health (Personal & Community; Difference between Health and Disease; Disease - Look of Disease, Cause of Disease - External Cause, Internal Cause, Different levels of cause of Disease; Types of Diseases;
Infectious Diseases - Agents of Infectious Diseases, Means of Spread of Agents - Through Air, Through Water, Sexual Act, Through Other Creatures; Immune System - Signs of Inflammation; Disease - Organ - Symptoms; Treatment of Diseases - Properties that Medicines should Possess;
Why Prevention is better than Cure?; Ways to Prevent Disease - Prevent Spread of Microbes, Strengthen Immune System, Vaccination - Immunisation, Origin of Word "Vaccination";
AIDS - Cause of AIDS, Effects; Peptic Ulscer; Rabies; Types of Diseases; Microbes Vs Disease; Which Disease affects which Organ?; Different Modes for Different Diseases;Â Diseases for those Vaccines are available;
Chapter 14 : Natural Resources
Introduction; Air - Applications of Air - For Breathing, Climate Control, Wind : Movement of Air - Experiment 1, Experiment 2; Rain - Experiment (Cloud Formation); Air Pollution;
Water - Availability, Applications of Water, Water Pollution; Soil - What is Soil?, Formation of Soil, Composition of Soil, Soil Pollution, Soil Erosion;
Biogeochemical Cycles - Water Cycle, Oxygen Cycle, Nitrogen Cycle, Carbon Cycle;
Green House Effect; Global Warming - Harmful Consequences of Global Warming; Ozone Layer Depletion - Damage to Ozone Layer, Harmful Consequences of Ozone Layer Depletion;
Chapter 15 : Improvement in Food Resources
Introduction; Various Revolution held in India; Types of Crops; Crop Season; Crop Variety Improvement- Good and Healthy Seeds, Hybridisation, Genetic Improvement, Properties of Improved Seeds;
Crop Production Improvement- Nutrient Management- Manure, Fertilizers; Irrigation-Wells, Canals, River Lift System, Tank, Rain Water Harvesting; Crop Patterns- Mixed Cropping, Inter Cropping, Crop Rotation;
Crop Protection Improvement- Pest Control-Weeds, Insects, Pathogens, Protection from Pests; Storage of Grains; Organic Farming;
Animal Husbandry- Cattle Farming- Purpose of Cattle Farming, Types of Cattle, Lactation Period, Care of Cattle, Diseases; Poultry Farming- Management Practices in Farms, Difference between Broilers and layers; Fish Production- Finned & Unfinned Fish Production, Capture and Culture Fishing, Marine and Inland Fishing, Composite Fish Culture; Bee- Keeping; Some Indian Varieties of Bees;
About Instructors
Dronstudy Academic Team
DronStudy Academic team consists of IITian teachers of Kota fame. The team has more than 45 years of teaching experience put together. It is headed by Neetin Agrawal Sir - B.Tech IIT Madras / Author of 3 books for IIT-JEE Physics / Taught in some of the best Coaching Institutes of India / Has several Inventions (Patents) to his name during his Corporate Research years.
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