(1)   W = F × s
Where,
W = Work done on an object
F = Force applied
s = Displacement of the object
(2) Â Â Unit of work:
Newton-metre (Nm) or Joule (J).
(3) Â Â Work done, W could be:
(i) W = 0 (Zero, as the direction of force and displacement are perpendicular to each other or displacement is zero)
(ii) W = F × s (Positive, as force and displacement are in the same direction)
(iii) W = - F × s (Negative, as force and displacement are in the opposite direction)
(4)Â Â Â Work done by gravity - negative.
Work done against gravity - positive.
(5) Â Â Â Oblique Displacement:
W = F × s cos θ
Where, θ = angle between the force and displacement
(6) Â Â Â More energy, more work:
Energy is ability to do work.
(7)Â Â Â Unit of Energy: Â
Joule (J) – SI unit
Kilojoule (kJ)
1 kJ = 1000 J
(8) Â Â Types of Energies:
(a) Â Â Â Â Â Kinetic Energy
(b)Â Â Â Â Â Â Potential Energy
(c) Â Â Â Â Â Â Chemical Energy
(d)Â Â Â Â Â Â Sound Energy
(e)Â Â Â Â Â Â Light Energy
(f)Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Heat Energy
(g)Â Â Â Â Â Â Electrical Energy
(9)Â Â Â Kinetic energy:
K.E. =Â
Where,
M = mass of the object
v = velocity of the object
(10)  Work – Energy Theorem
Work = Final K.E. – Initial K.E.
Work = - Ve (stopping a moving object)
(11) Â Potential Energy:
P.E. = mgh
Where,
m = mass of the object
g = acceleration due to gravity
h = height of the object from ground
(12) Â Types of Potential Energy:
(a)Â Â Â Â Â Â Gravitational Energy
(b)Â Â Â Â Â Â Elastic Potential Energy
(13) Â Mechanical Energy, (M.E.) = K.E. + P.E.
=Â
(14) Â Energy transformation:
(a)      Fan – Electrical energy → Kinetic energy
(b)      Bulb – Electrical energy → Heat energy + Light Energy
(c)      Moving bicycle – Chemical energy → Muscular Energy → Kinetic energy
(d)      Photosynthesis – Light Energy → Chemical energy
(e)      Rain – Potential energy → Kinetic energy
(f)       Striking of clouds – Kinetic energy →  Light + Sound
(15) Â Law of Conservation of Energy:
Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed, but can be converted from one form to another.
(16) Â Power,
P = Â or
(17) Â Unit of power = J s-1 or W or kW
1 k W = 1000 W
Â
(18) Â Commercial unit of Energy:
1 unit = 1 kWh
1 kWh = 3.6 × 106 J
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