Introduction to Graphs : Exercise 15.3 (Mathematics NCERT Class 8th)
Q.1 Draw the graphs for the following tables of values, with suitable scales on the axes.
(a) Cost of apples
|
Number of apples |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
| Cost (in Rs) | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 |
25 |
(b) Distance travelled by a car
|
Time (in hours) |
6 a.m. |
7 a.m. |
8 a.m. |
9 a.m. |
| Distance (in km) | 40 | 80 | 120 |
160 |
(i) How much distance did the car cover during the period 7.30 a.m. to 8 a.m?
(ii) What was the time when the car had covered a distance of 100 km since it’s start?
(c) Interest on deposits for a year.
|
Deposit (in Rs) |
1000 |
2000 |
3000 |
4000 |
5000 |
| Simple Intereset (in Rs) | 80 | 160 | 240 | 320 |
400 |
(i) Does the graph pass through the origin?
(ii) Use the graph to find the interest on Rs 2500 for a year.
(iii) To get an interest of Rs 280 per year, how much money should be deposited?
Sol. (a) The graph for given data is as shown below:
Here, x-axis represents the number of apples and scale taken is 1 unit = 1 apple, whereas y-axis represents cost (in Rs) and scale taken is 1 unit = Rs 5.
(b) The graph for given data is as shown below:
Here, x-axis represents the time and scale taken is 2 units = 1 hour, whereas y-axis represents distance (in km) and scale taken is 2 units = 40 km.
(i) The car covered distance of 20 km during the period 7.30 a.m. to 8 a.m.
(ii) The time was 7.30 am when the car had covered a distance of 100 km since it’s start.
(c) The graph for given data is as shown below:
Here, x-axis represents the deposit (in Rs) and scale taken is 1 unit = Rs 1000, whereas y-axis represents simple interest (in Rs) and scale taken is 1 unit = Rs 80.
(i) Yes, the graph do passes through the origin.
(ii) From the graph, it can be seen that the interest on Rs 2500 for a year is Rs 200.
(iii) Rs 3500 should be deposited to get an interest of Rs 280 per year.
Q.2 Draw a graph for the following.
(i)
|
Side of square (in cm) |
2 |
3 |
3.5 |
5 |
6 |
| Perimeter (in cm) | 8 | 12 | 14 | 20 |
24 |
Is it a linear graph?
(ii)
|
Side of square (in cm) |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
| Area (in cm2) | 4 | 9 | 16 | 25 |
36 |
Is it a linear graph?
Sol. (i) The graph for given data is as shown below:
Here, x-axis represents the side of square (in cm) and scale taken is 1 unit = 1 cm, whereas y-axis represents perimeter (in cm) and scale taken is 1 unit = 4 cm.
Yes, it is a linear graph.
(ii) The graph for given data is as shown below:
Here, x-axis represents the side of square (in cm) and scale taken is 1 unit = 1 cm, whereas y-axis represents area (in cm2) and scale taken is 1 unit = 4 cm2.
No, it is not a linear graph.
Please describe the answer of question no. 5 of exercise 15.3
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